Fluid-pressure motor.



MWA

No. 780,941. PATRNTRD JAN. 24, 1905.

o. o. DRUTSGHMANN.

FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 1, 1901.

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. PAENTED JAN. 24, 1905. vv G. 0. DEUTSGHM'ANN. FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR.

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No. 780,941. PATENTED JAN. 24. 1905.

' C. 0. DEUTSGHMANN.

FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED JULY 1, 1901.

JMW/My UNITED STATES Patented January 24, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES OTTO DEUTSOHMANN, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

FLUID-PRESSURE MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 780,941, dated January24, 1905.

' i Y Application fusa my 1,1901. smalto. 66,754. Y I

T0 @ZZ whom, t may concern:

.Prussia, Emperor of Germany, residing at 34 South Hill Park, HampsteadHeath, London,

England, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Rotary Engines,of which the following is a specification.

My invention applies to 'motor propulsion of the rotary type, and iscapable of a very Wide range of adaption for the actuation oflocomotives, automobiles, generators of electricity, and power machinerygenerally. In short, it may be used to practically every purpose forwhich ordinary steam, gas, compressed-air, explosion, or otherHuid-pressure motors have been used.

The essential characteristic of my motor is the construction of one ormore valved peripherical pressure-chests and their application underpressure against the revolving surface of a drum, wheel, or ringprovided with suitable' cavities for the reception of the pressurefluid. Each peripherical power-chest is provided with inlet and outletchannels and other passages and hasits base exposed to the pressure ofthe motor fiuid. The respective areas of basal pressure and facepressure of such a peripherical pressurechest are so proportioned thatit will be maintained in operative contact with the moving surface ofthe motor with the minimum amount of friction necessary to insuresuflicient tightness of the contiaclsurfaces to prevent leakage of themotor In order to more fully set forth my invention, I have illustratedit in the accompanying drawings.

Figure l represents a vertical section of a three-phase inductor drivenby three valved vnets of the usual construction.

Fig. 7 the extended surface, of the ring of the electric generator,showing three groups of cavities. Fig. 8 shows the head-stock of a lathewith protective covering and powerchest on my system. Fig. 9 is asection of Fig. 8.

The general construction of my invention as applied to a rotary motor iswell illustrated by way. of example in the section of the threephaseinductor shown in Fig. l.

The revolving ring l is provided with mag- Three of said magnets onlyare shown in the drawings. The ring 1 is maintained in its positionwithin the frame-casting 2 by the joint operation of the power-chest 3and the bearing-rollers 4. These rollers, asection of which is shown inFig. 3, may be of any convenient construction, but are preferably asshown. They merely serve to keep the ring in position and to support itunderneath with a minimum of friction. The outer surface of the ring hascavities, as shown in profile in the section Figs. 2 and 6, and thesefiutings are divided into series of high and flow pressure cavities, inthe like manner as is illustrated in Fig. 7 of the drawings. l dispensealtogether with the pockets and vanes to be seen on other rotary motors.I dispense entirely with the use of an inlet induction-nozzle. In itsplace Icause the steam on entering to raise a movable block ofsubstantial dimensions (hereinafter called the valved movablepower-chest) close up against the polished surface of a drum. v I thusobtain a perfect steam-tight closure between the concave surface of theblock and the drum. This obviates using the pocket-shaped bucketsemthereby for some distance. The central cavities filled with pressureon passing further empty some of their pressure into theexpansion-chamber. The expansion-chamber I select to cut the cavities orIOO propels the ring additionally in lling up the low-pressure cavitiessituated at the right and left of the central line of cavities, as shownin Fig. 7. The three rows of cavities filled with low-pressure steamtravel now in the direction of the exhaust-tubes 6, leading to thecondenser. In each power-chest of Fig. 1 the high pressure 5 isseparated from exhaust 6 by means of basal packings 10. They pass boththrough body of power-chest to their corresponding outlets in frame.

The system and arrangement I have constructed for obtaining additionalpower and propulsion from the expansion of the steam, and thereby anincrease of its propelling power in its first stage, consists of the eX-pansion-chamber 7 within each of the movable power-chests. This chamberactuates with diminished pressure upon additional cavities from theinside of each movable chest. It also has a valved by-pass for highpressure from the main channel. Several of such eX- pansion-chambers maybe used in one powerblock for the higher grades of pressure.

The steam or other pressure fluid enters at the base of each steam-chestthrough the main supply-tube into the space 14. This space isadvantageously made as restricted as possible in capacity in order toeconomize the power; but the basal pressure on the power-chest 3 shouldbe sufficient to counteract the repulsive action oi' the steam pressingagainst the rotating Jface of the motor. In order to prevent the powerchest falling away Jfrom the face of the motor on any momentarydiminution of pressure, some bolts are provided at the sides (to be seenin Fig. 2) and small eX- centers 11 at the tapering ends of thepowerchest as supports for the same. They cause the possible movement ofthe power-chest to be limited to a very small distance. The setscrews,ledges, and adjustable blocks 19. are provided for the purpose ofadjusting the power-chest centrally at its outer ends.

The power-chests are not in contact with the ring during the motorrunning empty; but upon turning on the main valve they are pressed uponit and held in position during all the fluctuations of pressure in themotive power. The regulation of speed is attained by the valve of themain supply. The valve in each single powerchest (best seen in Fig. 2)regulates to some extent the proportions of pressure in front ofpower-chest to the pressure at the base. The closing of these valvesbelow their normal measure of passage transforms these power chestsimmediately into brake-blocks under pressure. This constitutes aconvenient, quick, and reliable brake in the motors of smaller size.Vith a judicious handling of this central valve inside the powerchestthe pressure between drum and chest may be increased close upto thepointof blowing ofi'. To ascertain this condition, an additional channelmay be eut in the side ledge of the power-chest. With theseclose-balanced proportions of pressure the ring or drum is held andsupported, virtually iioating within three strata or linings oi'compressed air or steam. The chests release contact with the ring to theextent of the escaping strata ol steam. Close within this describeddegree are the proper conditions ot' worki ng the motor most economicaland safe.

A steam-tight jacket or covering over the entire motor is not appliedwith this type oi motors, because the wear and tear on theoperating-surfaces is automatically compensated owing to thepower-chests being movable. They immediately close up against the drumon the pressure entering. A covering not steam and air tight to protectthe polished surface of the drum is shown in Figs. S and 9.

In Figs. 4 and 5 I have illustrated a lnodified form of motor adapted tobe reversible and to work with greater eiiiciency. 'ln this larger typeof motor the steam-inlet 5 is central in the peripherical power-chestandthe cscape is through one or other of the passages (i, according to thesetting of the valves 13, whereby the direction of rotation oi the motoris determined. Here multiple expansion is applied and the steamundergoes successive expansions in passing the cavities provided for thepurpose until it reaches the outlet. The expansion-chambers have directpassages to the main valve to take high pressure occasionally and onemergency. These expansionchambers, with their passages, which I employin both types of power-chests shown in Fig. 1 and in Figs. 4 and 5, aredistributive chambers to guide and direct the expanding lluid from themiddle line of cavities of the ring or wheel (best seen in Fig. 7) tothc two outer lines of cavities, which are out of reach for thehigh-pressure port of the power-chest.

The ring of Fig. 1 and the wheel oi. Fig. 4 have both the same groupingof the cavities for high and low pressure as illustrated in Fig. 7. Themiddle line oi cavities of such a ring or wheel is always fed from thehighpressure port of the power-chest. This port must be steam-tighttoward the low-pressure cavities, which pass it on both sides, right andleft,\vitliout being filled. They are filled from the expansion-chamberport, and thereby receive propulsion from the expanding steam which theexpansion-chamber collects from the middle line of cavities. All thethree lines oi' cavities have now a lower and equalized degree ofpressure and they pass into the vacuum-chamber.

In starting such a large motor the high pressure filling up the middleline of cavities largely condenses in the expansien-chamber and thelow-pressure cavities would receive no propulsion. I therefore providethese expansion-chambers with direct communications, having valves, tolead high pressure direct into the expansion-chamber to act upon lOO thering with high pressure all over for starting the motor. These valvesfor the by-pass communications must beV closed as soon as the motorreaches the normal speed. 'Ihey may be opened to a small extent withheavy loads and on emergency.

Figs.l 8 and 9 are drawings showing the application of my invention tothe head-stock of a lathe and showing a protective covering for thedrum. The valved power-chest acts on the same method of propulsion ashas been described with the larger types of motors. I have illustratedthese applications by way of example only because my invention iscapable of an almost indefinite number'of adaptations to machinery ofnearly all kinds; but the underlying principle governing all of these isone and the same-namely, it is the formation and construction of avalved movable pressure-chest held under pressure against a drum. wheel,or ring provided with suitable cavities compensating the wear and tearof the contact-faces of drum and chest automatically. The outer shapeand extent of the powerchests may be a rectangular block or a plate withlittle or no press-plunger on its base,

similar to Figs. 8 and 9; but the specified channelings, their valvesinside, and their being movable to and fro upon the operatingsurfaceconstitute them as the vital partdescribed in my invention. I do notillustrate the movable power-chests operating upon the plane faces of awheel, because their operating-surfaces would wear away unevenly andthey would leak toward the circumference. I retain full liberty to cutany additional channels inside the power-chests and retain full scope inaltering their outside appearance.

Although in the drawings I have illustrated the rotary apparatus asoperated by'three power-chests, it is obvious that I may use more orless than this number, as circumstances may require.

I use no packings or packing-strips in whatever form or condition uponthe contact-faces of the power-chests.

What I claim as my invention isc 1. In a rotary motor-engine a valvedperipherical power -chest adapted to be forced against the rotary memberand held in operative contact therewith by the pressure of the motorfluid against its base; valved channels and expansion-chambers in saidpower-chest adapted to convey the motor fluid to the face vof the rotarymember; auxiliary supports for the ends of the power-chests; and ledgeswith adjustment-bolts, substantially as set forth.

2. In a rotary motor-engine in combination a plurality of power -chests,channels and valves in said chests, stuffing-boxes adapted to supportthe said chests movable and steamtight in self-adjusting operativecontact with the rotary member by means of the pressure l of the motorHuid and mechanical means for controlling the motion of the saidpowerchests, substantially as set forth.

3. In a rotary motor-engine, a valved movable power-chest, an open framesupporting said chest, an exhaustchannel opening out through said frameand passing from the front stufng-box to the back packing of thepowerchest, substantially as set forth.

Y 4. In a rotary motor-engine the combination of a plurality of valvedmovable powerchests, internal channels in said chests,expansion-chambers in said chests connected to the said channels, avalved by-pass connected to each said expansion-chamber, aregulatingvalve for high pressure and outlet channel with a cylindricalrotary member provided with cavities for high and low pressure,substantially as lset forth.

5. Ina rotary motor-engine the combination of a valved movablepower-chest, a double system of channelings, valves andexpansion-chambers for reversing motion of uidpressure in the interiorof said power-chest, a valved by-pass for the expansion-chamber, twooutlets for exhauststeam in separate stuffing-boxes, and mechanicalmeans for support and adjustment of motion of powerchests substantiallyas set forth.

6. In a rotary motor-engine a valved peripherical pressure-chest, anoscillating reversing -valve in the interior of said pressurechest, arotary member, and means for mechanically adjusting and, controlling thepressure of said chest against said rotary member, substantially as setforth.

In testimony whereof Ihave signed my name to this specification inthepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES OTT() DEUTSOHMANN.

Witnesses:

HERBERT SEinoN JONES,

LEONARD E. HAYNEs.

IOO

